Epistaxis, also known as nose bleeding, is the hemorrhaging from the nose. It occurs when blood is lost from the tissue lining the inside of the nose.
TYPES OF EPISTAXIS
Anterior EpistaxisThe most frequent type of nosebleed, which is typically not serious and can be treated at home, begins in front of the nose on the lower portion of the septum, the wall that divides the two sides of the nose.
Posterior nosebleedThis nosebleed can be more serious than an anterior nosebleed and can result in heavy bleeding that may flow down the back of the throat. This type of nosebleed is more common in adults. -It occurs deep inside the nose. -It is caused by a bleed in larger blood vessels in the back part of the nose near the throat.
RISK FACTOR
Most people will experience at least one nosebleed in their lifetime, but certain individuals are more susceptible to experiencing one.
- Children between the ages of two and ten are more vulnerable to nosebleeds than adults because of dry air, colds, allergies, and sticking fingers and objects up their noses.
- Blood may take longer to clot in older and midlife adults, who are also more likely to take blood thinners (like aspirin daily use), have high blood pressure, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), or a bleeding disorder.
- Pregnant women: The delicate blood vessels in the lining of the nose are put under increased pressure as a result of the nose’s blood vessels expanding during pregnancy.
- individuals who use blood thinners like aspirin or warfarin.
- Individuals who suffer from blood clotting disorders like von Willebrand disease or hemophilia.
CAUSES OF EPISTAXIS
Thankfully, most of the causes of nosebleeds are not serious.
Dry air, which can be brought on by hot, low-humidity environments or heated indoor air, is the most common cause of nosebleeds. Both of these conditions make the nasal membrane—the delicate tissue inside your nose—dry out, become crusty or cracked, and are more likely to bleed when rubbed, picked, or when blowing nose.
among other frequent reasons for nosebleeds are
- Nose picking.
- Colds (upper respiratory infections) and sinusitis, particularly episodes that result in a lot of sniffling, sneezing, and blowing of the nose.
- Blowing nose with force.
- putting something up one’s nose.
- A facial or nose injury.
- There are two types of rhinitis, allergic and non-allergic.
- Warfarin, aspirin, and other blood-thinning medications.
- Inhaled drugs like cocaine and other narcotics.
- Chemical irritants, including strong odors and chemicals in cleaning products and workplace fumes.
- High altitudes: As the altitude rises, the air becomes dryer and thinner (because of the lack of oxygen).
- Deviated septum, a structural anomaly in the wall dividing the two sides of the nose.
- Antihistamines and decongestants, which are frequently used to treat itchy, runny, or stuffy noses, can cause the nasal membranes to become drier.
There are additional, less typical reasons why nosebleeds occur.
- Alcohol use.
- hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, and leukemia are examples of bleeding disorders.
- High blood pressure.
- Atherosclerosis.
- Facial and nasal surgery.
- Nasal tumors.
- Nasal polyps.
- Immune thrombocytopenia.
- Leukemia.
- Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.
- Pregnancy.
PREVENTION OF EPISTAXIS
To stop a nosebleed, adhere to these steps.
- Relax.
- Avoid lying flat or putting your head between your legs by sitting up straight with your body and head slightly cocked forward.
- Breathe through mouth.
- To contain the blood, place it on a tissue or a wet washcloth.
- Squeezing at or above the bony part of the nose will not put pressure where it can help stop the bleeding. Instead, squeeze the soft part of the nose together with your thumb and index finger. Be sure to pinch the soft part of the nose against the hard bony ridge that forms the bridge of the nose.
- If bleeding is still present, continue squeezing the nose for an additional 10 minutes. Continue continuously pinching the nose for at least 5 minutes (timed by the clock).
- keep cold water running over your head, etc.
HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT
ARNICA
This medication has a noticeable effect on blood vessels, making it useful for epistaxis when bleeding in patients occurs after an injury or coughing fit and leaves them feeling sore, lame, or bruised.
AMMON CARB
Given to children who suddenly stop breathing through their nose and sneeze. Useful for patients with epistaxis that develops after activities like washing their faces and eating.
PHOSPHORUS
Useful for small, bright red, and profuse hemorrhages. Recommended for nasal polyps that bleed frequently. Useful for epistaxis, which is when bleeding from the nose occurs instead of menstruation.
ARUM TRIPHYLLUM
Very helpful for nosebleed in kids who constantly pick at their noses until they bleed, which is epistaxis with acrid, excoriating discharges from the nose.
IPECAC
Medicine that is very effective for epistaxis that is profuse in nature and bright red in bleeding.
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