An irrational fear of a particular thing or circumstance is referred to as a phobia, which frequently results in persistent avoidance of the thing, circumstance, or activity in question.
Women are believed to have a greater risk of developing phobias than men, and the following are some of their distinctive characteristics:
Fear of a thing, circumstance, or activity is present.
The perceived danger outweighs the level of fear.
The patient understands that the fear is unfounded and irrational.
Patient is greatly upset by his inability to control his fear.
Because of this, the specific thing, circumstance, or activity is repeatedly avoided.
The patient gradually develops a preoccupation with the phobias and the phobic object, which causes them to feel extremely distressed and has a restrictive effect on their mobility.
CLASSIFICATION
The phobias that are most prevalent are:
Agoraphobia :The word itself refers to “fear of open spaces,” and it is an example of an irrational fear of situations. People with agoraphobia fear being in situations altogether and stay inside their homes. It is characterized by an irrational fear of being in places away from the familiar setting of home.
Social phobia :This is an illustration of an irrational fear of social interaction or activity, which is characterized by an irrational fear of engaging in social interaction or activity around other people.
A social phobia can be so severe that even the most basic interactions, like ordering food or making phone calls, can cause panic. People with social phobia frequently go out of their way to avoid public situations. Social phobia is also known as social anxiety disorder. It is an extreme worry about social situations and it can lead to self-isolation.
Simple or Specific phobia:
Specific phobia is distinguished by irrational fear of suspected object or situation. Confrontation with the avoided object or situation causes panic attacks. Gradually, the phobia usually spreads to other objects and situations. Specific phobia is characterized by irrational fear of suspected object or situation, which leads to persistent avoidant behavior and panic attacks.
Simple phobias can take the following forms:
Fear of heights is called acrophobia.
· Zoophobia, fear of animals
· Xenophobia, fear of strangers
· Algophobia, fear of pain
Fear of enclosed spaces, or claustrophobia
COURSE
Phobias typically begin in the late second or early third decade in women and are more prevalent in women.
The onset is abrupt and there is no known cause.
The condition is typically long-lasting, with daily activities being gradually restricted.
Phobias can occasionally go away on their own.
CAUSES
Psychodynamic TheoryBy displacement, anxiety in phobias is moved from a seriously dangerous object to a neutral object that can be avoided in daily activities.
Behavioral TheoryExplaining phobia as a learned response to a neutral object
Biological Theory:Genetic factors.
SYMPTOMS
Panic attacks are the most prevalent and incapacitating sign of a phobia and feature the following:
· Pounding or racing heart
· Shortness of breath
Speech that is spoken quickly or cannot be spoken
· Dry mouth
· Upset of stomach
· Nausea
· Elevated blood pressure
· Trembling or shaking
· Chest pain or tightness
· A choking sensation
· Dizziness or lightheadedness
· Profuse sweating
An impression of impending disaster
To make an accurate diagnosis of phobia, a person does not need to experience panic attacks.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
· Anxiety disorder
· Panic disorder
· Obsessive compulsive disorder
· Delusion disorder
· Major depression
· Hypochondriasis
· Avoidant Personality Disorder
· Schizophrenia
HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES
When it comes to phobia, there are many effective medicines available in homoeopathy, but the selection depends on the patient’s individuality, taking both mental and physical symptoms into account. Homoeopathy is currently a rapidly growing system that is used throughout the world. Its strength lies in its evident effectiveness as it takes a holistic approach towards the sick individual through promotion of inner balance at mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical levels.
ACONITUM NAPELLUSFear of the future, a crowd, crossing the street, forebodings and fears, great fear, anxiety, and worry accompanying every disease, agoraphobia, fears of visiting the dentist and doctor, and fear of death and dying.
ARSENICUM ALBUM :Anguish and restlessness, fear of disease and death that is worse at night, the belief that taking medication is useless.
ARGENTUM NITRICUM:He experiences giddiness and dizziness at the sight of tall buildings; it feels as though houses on either side of the street are coming toward and will crush him. He also experiences fear of flying in airplanes and of heights.
AURUM METALLICUM:Talks about killing oneself but has a deep fear of dying, a strong dislike for life, severe depression, and even the slightest noises make them anxious.
BELLADONNA: Fear of dogs.
BRYONIA ALB:Fear of pain, anxiety about the future, and poverty are other common fears.
BORAX:Fear of diseases, fear of falling, fear of thunder, and even far-off fear of the sound of a gun firing.
CANNABIS INDICA :Fear of voice.
CHAMOMILLA:Fear of wind.
CHINA OFFICINALIS:Fear of animals
CUPRUM METALLICUM:Fear of poop and of fire.
ELAPS CORALLINUS:Fear of rain.
GELSEMIUM SEMPERVIRENS:Nervous, terrified of speaking in front of people, and afraid of dentists and doctors.
HYOSCYAMUS NIGER:Fears of being bitten by animals, being pursued by water, being poisoned, being alone, being pursued by people, and having syphilis are all very suspicious fears.
KALI ARSENICUM:Fear of heart disease, fear of high blood pressure, fear of having a stroke, anxiety and panic attacks related to health.
KREOSOTUM:Fear of coitus, of women, and of the idea of sex with them.
LYCOPODIUM CLAVATUM:Can’t bear to see anything new, melancholy, afraid of being alone, afraid of men, afraid of the presence of new people, anxious as if about to die. Stage fright. Fear of public speaking. Constant fear of breaking down under stress.
LYSSIN:Fear of water, convulsions brought on by the mere thought of fluids of any kind, including blood, hypersensitivity to all sounds and sights, intolerable dread at the sight of a drinking vessel filled with water.
PHOSPHORUS:Fear of thinking.
PULSATILLA NIGRICANSThe patient seeks the outdoors because they always feel better there. They have a fear of enclosed spaces and of women.
SPIGELIA:fear of all sharp objects, including knives and forks.
STAPHYSAGRIA:He was enraged with indignation and felt intense internal shame as he threw away the items in his possession because he was afraid of his own shadow.
STRAMONIUM:Fears injury, dreads the dark, abhors shiny things, and cannot stand being alone. They also get nervous when they are in a tunnel.
SUCCINUM:aversion to enclosed spaces and trains.
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