A blood vessel bursts or becomes blocked by a clot, interrupting the blood flow to the brain, which damages brain tissue by depriving the brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients.
The result is a lack of oxygen and nutrients in the brain, which causes the cells to begin to deteriorate.
TYPESStroke can occur in three different ways.
Ischemic strokeA blood clot prevents oxygen and blood from getting to the brain, which is the most typical type of stroke.
Hemorrhagic strokeAneurysms or arteriovenous malformations are common causes of this, which happens when a blood vessel that is weak ruptures.
Transient ischemic attacksThe symptoms stop after a brief period of time when normal blood flow returns to the affected area of the brain.
Causes
Ischemia, which is a significantly reduced blood flow to the brain that harms brain cells, develops after an ischemic stroke, which is characterized by blockages or narrowing of the arteries that supply blood to the brain.
Blood clots can develop in other blood vessels in the body before traveling through the bloodstream and occluding in the smaller arteries in the brain, which is a common cause of these blockages.
Ischemia can be brought on by blood clots brought on by plaque, which are fatty deposits in the arteries.
Hemorrhagic stroke—Brain arteries either leak blood or burst open, which results in hemorrhagic strokes.
Blood vessels can burst and spill blood into the brain or near the surface of the brain, sending blood into the space between the brain and the skull. Leaked blood puts pressure on brain cells and damages them. It also reduces the blood supply that can reach the brain tissue after the hemorrhage.
Hypertension, trauma, drugs that thin the blood, aneurysms, and other conditions can all contribute to the rupture.
The most frequent type of hemorrhagic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, happens when a brain artery bursts, flooding the brain tissue with blood.
Transient ischemic attack—TIAs are similar to ischemic strokes in that blood clots or other clots frequently cause them, but they differ from the aforementioned types in that the blood flow to the brain is only momentarily interrupted.
They serve as warning signs for future strokes and reveal the presence of a partially blocked artery or clot source in the heart and should be treated as medical emergencies, even if the artery blockage and its symptoms are temporary.
Symptoms
The most common signs of stroke are as follows:
Confusion, including difficulties speaking and comprehending
A headache that may be accompanied by dizziness or vomiting
Numbness or immobility in certain facial, limb, or arm regions, especially on one side of the body.
One or both eyes having vision issues
Issues with balance and coordination while walking, as well as dizziness
A person may suffer from temporary or permanent disabilities following a stroke, depending on how quickly it is diagnosed and treated. Strokes can result in long-term health issues.
People may also go through the following in addition to the aforementioned issues continuing.
Constipation or urinary incontinence
· Depression
Hand and foot pain that worsens when you move or when the weather changes.
One or both sides of the body experiencing paralysis or weakness
Difficulties with emotion regulation or expression
The severity of the symptoms can vary.
F.A.S.T. is an acronym that can help you remember the symptoms of a stroke and help you spot its onset.
Face droppingDoes the person’s face droop on one side when they attempt to smile?
Arm weakness—Does one arm fall to the ground when someone tries to raise both arms?
Speech difficulty—Is the person’s speech slurred or odd if they attempt to repeat a short phrase?
Risk factors
Stroke risk can be increased by a variety of factors, some of which may be treatable.
Lifestyle risk factors
· Being overweight or obese
· Physical inactivity
· Heavy or binge drinking
Utilization of illegal substances like cocaine and methamphetamine
Medical risk factors
Over 120/80 mm Hg is considered high blood pressure.
Using tobacco products or being around smoke
· High cholesterol
· Diabetes
· Obstructive sleep apnea
Heart failure, heart defects, heart infections, and abnormal heart rhythm are all examples of cardiovascular disease.
A history of transient ischemic attack, heart attack, or stroke in oneself or one’s family
Other factors associated with a higher risk of stroke include-
Age: Stroke risk is higher in people over the age of 55 than in those under that age.
Race: Compared to people of other races, African-Americans are more likely to suffer a stroke.
Sex—Women are more likely to die from strokes than men are, and men have a higher risk of having a stroke than women do.
Hormones—Use of estrogen-containing birth control pills, hormone replacement therapies, and higher estrogen levels associated with pregnancy and childbirth.
Investigations
Vascular lesion
CT / MRI
Ischemic / hemorrhagic
CT
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
CT , Lumbar puncture
Underlying vascular disease
Angiography with contrast, cardiac ultrasound, MRA, Doppler ultrasound, and electrocardiogram
Risk factors
Blood count, cholesterol, screening for clotting disorders, and blood sugar
Complications
Depending on the affected area of the brain and how long there was a lack of blood flow, a stroke may result in temporary or permanent disabilities.
Paralysis or loss of muscle movementPhysical therapy, in addition to medications, may aid in the return of activities affected by paralysis, such as walking, eating, and dressing. —Paralysis on one side of the body or lose control of certain muscles, such as those on one side of the face or one arm.
Difficulty talking or swallowingLanguage difficulties, such as speaking or understanding speech, reading, or writing, may result from a stroke that affects control of the muscles in the mouth and throat. In addition to medications, speech therapy may be helpful.
Memory loss or thinking difficulties—Many stroke victims experience some memory loss, while others may struggle with thinking, making decisions, reasoning, and comprehending concepts.
Emotional problemsAfter a stroke, a person may find it harder to control their emotions or they may experience depression.
Pain-This complication is known as central stroke pain or central pain syndrome. This condition typically develops several weeks after a stroke, and it may improve over time. People may experience pain, numbness, or other strange sensations in the parts of the body affected by stroke. People may also be sensitive to temperature changes, especially extreme cold.
Changes in behavior and self –care ability—Strokes can make a person more impulsive, withdrawn, and in need of assistance with daily tasks like grooming.
HOMOEOPATHIC REMEDIES
When it comes to cerebral stroke, there are many effective medicines available in homoeopathy, but the choice depends on the individuality of the patient, taking their mental and physical health into account. Homoeopathy is currently a rapidly growing system that is practiced all over the world. Its strength lies in its evident effectiveness as it takes a holistic approach to the sick individual by promoting inner balance at mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical levels.
The person experiences great anxiety of the mind and body, restlessness, and tossing and turning. The face turns red. Congestive headaches. A hot, heavy, and bursting sensation in the head. The pulse is fast, full, hard, tense, and bounding. Palpitation with anxiety.
OPIUM 1000Opium is detected by the following symptoms: coma, dusky red face, dilated pupils, hot sweats, one-sided paralysis, collapsed posture, slow, labored pulse.
NUX VOMICA 30—Nux vomica is used in conjunction with opium to complete the treatment of threatened brain hemorrhage with giddiness, headache, and fullness of head. It is suitable for people who have overindulged in wines and alcoholic beverages and also occurs after heavy meals.
LAUROCERASUS 30When a stroke strikes suddenly and without warning, accompanied by palpitations, cold, moist skin, facial muscle convulsions, a sudden cough, suffocation, and loss of speech, laurocerasus is prescribed.
PITUITRINUM 3XPituitary aids in the absorption of blood clots and is effective in stopping hemorrhaging.
A tendency to hemorrhage, a low fever, a forearm that is deathly cold, and complaints of injury are all signs that arnica is indicated in the hemorrhagic stage.
BEALLADONNA 1000Belladonna is prescribed for severe headaches that are accompanied by congestion in the head, a hot and flushed face, wide, staring eyes, and a throbbing, hammering headache that is worse with movement, light, noise, and lying down but relieved by placing the hand on the head and bending the head backwards.
CROTALUS HORRIDUS 30The patient is loquacious with a desire to flee. He mutters, mumbles, jumbles, and stumbles over his words. He is agitated, irritable, and cross. The best remedy for paralysis from stroke is crotalis horridus, especially for the right side. Lower limbs go to sleep easily. Hands tremble, are swollen. He cannot keep his legs still.
CAUSTICUM 200—Causticum is effective for paralysis following a stroke, paralysis of single parts, paralysis of the speech muscles, paralysis of the bladder, rectum, and extremities, as well as numbness in the hands and feet and right-sided paralysis.
BARYTA CARBONICUM 30—Baryta carb is indicated for both physical and mental weakness and fatigue following a stroke. It is effective for these symptoms, especially in the elderly. There is a feeling as if the brain is loose. The person experiences senile dementia with increasing weakness and difficulty in concentrating. They are also shy around strangers and act childishly. They have a tendency to catch colds easily. They have a tendency to experience burning pain in many parts. They have a tendency to for aneurysm
GELSEMIUM SEMPERVENSIS 30—Gelsemium is recommended for stroke symptoms like numbness, weakness, and trembling as well as speech loss, dullness, dizziness, and sleepiness. There is also deep-seated pain in the muscles of the back, hips, and lower extremities as well as a lack of muscular coordination and the inability of the muscles to respond to the will.
LACHESIS 200—Lachesis is prescribed for giddiness with congestion, pain deep in the brain, especially on the left side, paralysis, slow speech, talkativeness, hot flushes, high blood pressure, and the inability to tolerate anything constricting anywhere.
SULFONAL 30—Sulfonal is prescribed for post-stroke symptoms, particularly for ataxic movements, a stumbling gait, weak, numb, trembling legs, stiffness and paralysis of both legs, and mood swings that alternate between optimism and weakness with happy, upbeat states.
ALLIUM SATIVA QUseful for hypertension and high levels of blood fat, Allium sativa is a cardiac tonic that thins the blood, improves circulation, and treats cardiac disease. It is also thought to be a stroke preventive.
Ginko biloba, which is a good blood thinner and improves brain blood circulation as well as memory loss brought on by poor blood flow, is a different treatment for the prevention of stroke.
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