Due to its white spots’ resemblance to the bird’s corresponding breast, oral candidiasis, a fungus infection of the mouth, is frequently referred to as “thrush.”
Most people have small amounts of Candida on the mucous membranes lining their mouths, and it usually doesn’t cause any noticeable issues, but under the right circumstances, the fungus can start growing very quickly, and this frequently affects people with serious diseases, and it can also be a side effect of some types of treatment.
Etiology
The usual organism isCandida albicanshowever at least seven additional species ofCandidaoral candidiasis can also be brought on byC. kruesi, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalisand others.C. dubliniensispatients with HIV, as well.
Oral thrush is one of the most common side effects of cancer treatment and is typically brought on by another illness or a side effect of medication. Chemotherapy can harm mucous membranes and weaken the immune system, making it easier for the fungus to spread. Radiotherapy in the head and neck region also increases the risk of oral thrush. The more intensive the treatment, the more likely oral thrush is to develop.
Oral candidiasis is caused by a number of factors, including:
- Infancy or old age.
- Vaginal yeast infection in the mother of a newborn child.
- primary immunodeficiency, cancer, or an HIV infection are all examples of severe underlying illnesses.
- Another instance of a Candida infection is dermatitis on a baby’s diaper.
- Dry mouth brought on by medications, such as antihistamines and diuretics, or diseases of the salivary glands
- Diabetes.
- Dentures, particularly those that don’t fit well or aren’t cleaned frequently.
- Smoking.
- Injury to the mouth.
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics
- Lack of certain nutrients, like a B-vitamin or iron deficiency,
- Asthma medications that are inhaled include fluticasone, budesonide, and beclometasone.
Asymptomatic COVID-19 hospitalized patients have been found to have oropharyngeal candidiasis.
Clinical features
Even if they maintain good oral hygiene, people with oral thrush will experience a constant cottony feeling in their mouth, a change in taste, and pain or a burning sensation on their tongue, which can make it difficult to eat and drink. Oral thrush is visible as a white coating that covers your mouth and throat, and when it is scraped off with a tongue depressor, inflamed red areas that frequently bleed slightly as well.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of candidal infections is aided by microscopy and culture of skin scrapings and swabs; however, clinical correlation is necessary because candida can live quite harmlessly on mucosal surfaces and may subsequently infect an underlying disorder.
Endoscopy is used in cases of severe oral candidiasis to determine the extent of the gastrointestinal tract lesions.
Management
General measures
Practice good oral hygiene
· Brush teeth regularly.
Wash your mouth with warm saline solution.
Antiseptic mouthwashes should not be used excessively because they change the mouth’s flora.
Drink water and rinse your mouth out after using a steroid inhaler if you have asthma.
Denture wearers:
- Utilize a solution of 1% sodium hypochlorite to thoroughly clean dentures.
- Remove dentures overnight.
Homeopathy medicines
Antimonium tartaricum 30CH
Children with thrush and milk vomiting
Arsenicum album 30CH
Blistering, profound prostration, a low fever with or without diarrhea, a desire for small amounts of water frequently, and burning blisters.
Arum triphyllum 30CH
The corners of the mouth are sore and cracked, the roof of the mouth feels raw, the soreness and inflammation in the mouth is excruciating, and there is profuse salivation.
Borax 30CH
Borax glycerol should be applied topically to the area that is affected if you have painful, easily bleeding white blisters, heat, tenderness, a cracked tongue, or a bitter taste in your mouth.
Capsicum 30CH
Cold makes thrush worse because it causes mouth heat.
Hydrastis canadensis 30CH
Apply locally applied Hydrastis glycerol to the area that is affected if you have constipation, thrush, or mouth ulcers.
Kali muriaticum 6X
Alternate Kali muriaticum 6X and Natrum phosphoricum 6X three times per day if you have white ulcers in the mouth of young children or nursing mouthers, a grayish-white, dry, or slimy coating on your tongue, swollen glands around your jaw and neck, or a fetid odor coming from your mouth.
Lachesis 30CH
Gums that are swollen, spongy, and easily bleed. Aphthous and denuded spots that burn and feel raw.
Mercurius sol 30CH
Burning in the mouth, excessive salivation, soreness, redness, and inflammation in the mouth, a fetid odor coming from the mouth, and a metallic taste are all symptoms of this condition. The tongue, in particular, has a thick fur-like coating, and there is a furrow running the length of its upper surface.
Muriatic acid 30 CH
The mouth and teeth are sore, and there is an offensive odor.
Natrum muriaticum 30CH
Aphthae with herpetic eruptions on the lips, salivation, and salty-tasting saliva.
Natrum phosphoricum 6X
Alternate Natrum phosphoricum 6X and Kali muriaticum 6X three times per day to relieve the yellow, creamy coating on the back of the tongue.
Nitric acid 30 CH
Painful ulcers on the sides of the tongue, moist fissured or mapped tongue, painful blisters with offensive and acrid saliva, white or yellow fungal spots, ulcers in the soft palate, and ulcers with sharp, splinter-like pain and bloody saliva.
Nux moschata 30CH
The tongue sticks to the roof of the mouth, the saliva feels like cotton, and the mouth is extremely dry.
Sulphuric acid 30CH
Aphthae have swollen gums, easily bleed gums, and foul breath.
Thuja occidentalis 30CH
The tongue tip is extremely painful, and there are white blisters on the side of the thrush close to the root.
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