Deep vein thrombosis, which can also affect the veins in the pelvis, is a condition that occurs when blood clots form in one or more deep veins in the leg.
Two manifestations of the condition known as venous thromboembolism are deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism.
When a blood clot forms in deep veins, usually in the leg or pelvis, it is a serious condition known as DVT.
A PE may result from an embolus, which is a piece of the thrombus or clot that travels to the lung.
When a person has Paget-Schoetter disease, for example, clots can also form in the arm veins.
Symptoms
DVT can occur in some people without any symptoms at all, but in those cases where they do, the symptoms may look like these:
- calf-based pain that spreads to the affected limb
- an enlarged area on the injured limb
- in the painful, swollen area of the leg, there was a warm sensation
- red or discolored skin
DVT typically only affects one leg, but it can very rarely affect both legs.
The following signs of PE may be caused by a clot that moves and travels to the lung:
- either a slow or unexpected lack of breath
- when breathing deeply, chest pain usually gets worse
- rapid breaths
- a faster heart rate
Complications
Two difficulties could arise:
Pulmonary embolism
The most frequent and potentially fatal complication of DVT is pulmonary embolism (PE), which occurs when a blood clot fragment breaks off and travels through the bloodstream to the lungs.
In mild PE, a person may not be aware that a blood clot has gotten stuck and is obstructing the blood flow in one of the blood vessels in the lung.
In more severe cases, the lung may collapse due to a medium-sized clot, which can also cause breathing difficulties and chest pain. PE can result in heart failure and be fatal.
Post-thrombotic syndrome
People who have recurrent DVT are more likely to experience this. The symptoms of post-thrombotic syndrome may include, though they differ from person to person:
- a calf that is constantly swollen
- an experience of leg weightiness
- the leg feels like it is being pulled.
- an excessively tired leg
- the affected leg has fluid accumulation
- redness of the skin
- new varicose veins
- around the DVT, the skin has become thicker.
- severe cases of post-thrombotic syndrome and leg ulcers
Causes and risk factors
The exact cause of DVT is unknown, but the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) reports that one or more risk factors and underlying conditions are to blame for the condition in the majority of cases.
Inactivity
Blood can accumulate in the pelvis and lower limbs if the human body is inactive for a protracted period of time.
The majority of people don’t have a problem with this situation because the veins and arteries redistribute blood around the body as soon as physical activity levels are back to normal.
A person’s blood flow may be slowed by prolonged inactivity, raising the possibility of blood clots forming.
Many factors, such as the following, can result in prolonged inactivity in a person.
- an extended hospital stay
- being immobile at home
- keeping still throughout a protracted journey, such as a flight
- a movement-restricting impairment
Injury or surgery
In addition to widening the veins, general anesthetics can also slow blood flow, which increases the risk of blood clots, and can also damage veins through injury or surgery.
While anyone undergoing major surgery is at risk of developing DVT, the NHLBI suggests that those having knee and hip surgeries in particular have a high risk of the condition.
Genetics
A person may suffer from a hereditary condition called Factor V Leiden thrombophilia that increases the risk of blood clots.
According to Genetics Home Reference, only 10% of individuals with this condition go on to develop unusual blood clots, despite the fact that having it increases the risk.
Pregnancy
A woman has an increased risk of developing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy until six weeks after giving birth because of pressure that a growing fetus puts on her pelvis and legs.
Women who have certain inherited blood disorders, like hereditary antithrombin disorder, are at an increased risk of developing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) during pregnancy.
Cancer
Breast, pancreatic, and late-stage colon cancers are among the cancers associated with an increased risk of DVT.
Chemotherapy, central venous catheters, and particular cancer surgeries are just a few cancer treatments and procedures that can raise a person’s risk of developing DVT.
Learn more here about the disease of cancer and its remedies.
Irritable bowel disease
IBD patients are more likely to develop deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
Heart problems
Clots and bleeding issues can result from any condition that compromises the heart’s ability to circulate blood throughout the body.
One’s risk of getting a blood clot may rise in the presence of ailments like congestive heart failure or heart attacks.
Discover more information on heart disease here.
Hormone-based medications
A woman’s risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is higher if she uses hormone-based birth control or is undergoing hormone replacement therapy for menopause.
Obesity
Obese people have higher blood vessel pressure, particularly in the legs and pelvis.
Smoking
Regular smokers have a higher risk of developing DVT than never-smokers or former smokers.
Varicose veins
While enlarged and abnormally shaped veins called varicose veins frequently do not result in health issues, they can cause DVT if left untreated.
Age
DVT can occur at any age, but as people get older, their risk of developing it rises.
Sex
Sex can influence a person’s risk of DVT.
The risk of DVT is higher in women than in men during the childbearing years, but it is lower in women than in men at the same age after menopause.
Diagnosis
D-dimer test
Ultrasound
Venogram
Other imaging scans
Prevention:
DO Regular movement
Maintaining pressure on the at-risk area
Avoid smoking
Maintain weight
Do regular exercise###HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT
ARNICA MONTANAThis is one of the best treatments for thrombosis because it can dissolve the thrombus and thin the blood, which relieves symptoms like numbness in the feet, enlarged veins, and bruised, aching legs.
APIS MELLIFICAIt is yet another effective treatment for DVT that causes stinging pain and swelling of the legs, including waxy, pale, swollen, and edematous legs and feet as well as swelling of the knee that is shiny, sensitive, sore, and painful.
VIPERAThe pain is intolerable when the legs are allowed to hang down, and the patient is required to keep the limbs elevated. There are severe cramps in the lower limbs, and the veins are swollen and sensitive due to the severe pain. Vipera is excellent for DVT caused by prolonged sitting.
HAMAMELIS VIRGINICAHemamelis is another top-notch treatment for DVT that causes bursting pain, fatigue, swollen legs, tight joints, and bursting pain in the legs.
LACHESIS 200Another effective treatment for DVT with joint pain is lachesis. This condition is characterized by cramps in the calves, particularly on the left side, swelling in the ankles, bluish swelling, and pain in the joints. The knee joint feels as though hot air is passing through it.
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